Scottish Salmon's 'Silent Spring of the Sea'

Cartoonist Adrian Raeside nailed it back in 2002 with his cartoon (above) of a chemically embalmed farmed salmon checking into the Betty Ford Clinic for Substance Abuse.   Over a decade later the salmon farming industry's addiction to toxic chemicals, sea lice 'medicines', antibiotics, artificial colourings and other drugs is leaving an indelible stain upon the sea. 

 

If 'Silent Spring' author Rachel Carson was alive today she would be shocked at how the salmon farming industry is using such toxic chemicals in the sea (read more via "Silent Spring of the Sea").   No more so than in Scotland where new data from the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) reveals how Scottish salmon farms are contaminating the sea-bed with a lethal cocktail of pesticides.  The Sunday Herald reported today (5 May) an exclusive from award-winning journalist Rob Edwards:

 

Read online via "Revealed: the dirty dozen salmon farms that contaminate lochs with pesticides" 

This is not the first time that Rob Edwards has revealed the pollution problem of Scotland's toxic salmon farms.  "They look like pristine, unpolluted beauty spots - but in fact they are contaminated with toxic pesticides," wrote Edwards in 2011.  "The sea lochs that line Scotland’s north west coast, famed for their natural splendour, are polluted by poisonous chemicals used by fish farms, surveys by the Scottish government’s green watchdog have revealed."

Scottish salmon farming has a growing problem with chemical addiction.   Last year, FishyLeaks revealed that the use of toxic chemicals on Scottish salmon farms more than doubled between 2008 and 2011 and has increased twelve-fold since 2005. 

Read exclusively in The Guardian newspaper via “Scottish fish farmers use record amounts of parasite pesticides” and “Chemicals to control salmon parasites”.

 

According to data obtained via Freedom of Information from the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), the ‘Filthy Five’ users of toxic chemicals were Marine Harvest, Scottish Salmon Company (Lighthouse Caledonia), Scottish Sea Farms (Leroy/SalMar), Hjaltland Seafarms (Grieg) and Loch Duart.  The ‘Dirty Dozen’ sites using Azamethiphos, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Teflubenzuron are named for the first time – including Special Areas of Conservation such as Loch Roag and Loch Laxford.

 

Chemical resistance means that a cocktail of five toxic pesticides are now used to kill Scotland’s plague of ‘super-lice’.  Almost twice every day for the last four years (2008-2011), chemicals known to be lethal to lobsters and other shellfish were used on salmon farms in Scotland.  Chemicals were used 2,756 times including Emamectin (1,028); Deltamethrin (914); Azamethiphos (487); Cypermethrin (315) and Teflubenzuron (12).

 

The news comes in the wake of a Veterinary Residues Committee report detailing contamination in Scottish farmed salmon with the toxic pesticide Emamectin.  In June 2012, officers from Marine Scotland were charged with carrying out a follow up investigation.  Data obtained via FOI reveals that since 2005 Marine Harvest, Scottish Sea Farms, Skelda Salmon and the Scottish Salmon Company have all been involved in contamination cases.  

For more information read the ‘Media Backgrounder: Chemical Culture in Scotland’ and read 'FishyLeaks: Scotland's Toxic Toilets Named & Shamed!' 

 

Last year, the Salmon & Trout Association also revealed that levels of seabed pollution at almost two thirds of Scottish marine salmon farms were either ‘unsatisfactory’ or ‘borderline’, according to SEPA’s own categorisation. 

The study reviewed 311 reports of seabed self-monitoring by farms between 2009 and March 2012. Of these 137 (44%) were deemed by SEPA to be “unsatisfactory” (“beyond the assimilative capacity of the local environment”), 64 (21%) were “borderline” (“close to having an unsustainable impact”) and only 106 (34%) were “satisfactory”.

Hughie Campbell-Adamson, Chairman of S&TA Scotland, said:

“This report is another damning indictment of the salmon farming industry. It is symptomatic of a systemic failure to control seabedpollution and throws into doubt whether the current expansion plans of the Scottish salmon farming industry in open-cage systems can ever be environmentally sustainable”.

Guy Linley-Adams, Solicitor to the S&TA Aquaculture Campaign and author of the analysis, said:

“These findings are yet further evidence that open-cage salmon farming as practised in Scotland is inherently unsustainable. They support the S&TA’s conviction that the way forward over the medium-term is to move to closed containment units, from which all waste can be collected and treated or re-used in the same way as any terrestrial intensive food animalproduction factory unit would be required to do."

Paul Knight, CEO at the S&TA, added:

“This report makes a mockery of the industry’s claims on packaging, websites and elsewhere that it always operates in harmony with the wider environment”.

The two companies with the highest percentage of “unsatisfactory” reports are Wester Ross Fisheries Ltd (70 % “unsatisfactory”, 30% “borderline” and 0% “satisfactory”) and Loch Duart Ltd (68% “unsatisfactory”, 26% “borderline” and 6% “satisfactory”), both based in the north-west Highlands.

Read the data in full via "Seabed pollution at almost two thirds of Scottish salmon farms is either ‘unsatisfactory’ or ‘borderline’, analysis of FOI information reveals"

 

 

The scale of the pollution problem is not limited to Scottish salmon farms.  Last week in Eastern Canada, Cooke Aquaculture's subsidiary Kelly Cove Salmon was fined $500,000 following the illegal use of toxic chemicals which killed hundreds of lobsters.  CBC News reported (26 April):

Read more via "Salmon Farming Kills Lobsters!"

 

Shocking video footage from around the world shows how salmon farms are leaving a lasting legacy of pollution. 

So-called "slash-and-burn" aquaculture is polluting the sea-bed and creating dead zones around salmon farms.  The 'pollute and move' on mentality of modern salmon farming is ushering in a new era of shifting cultivation of the sea that is encroaching further and further into lobster grounds and shellfish nursery areas. 

Watch dirty videos from around the world - from Scotland: "Shame Below the Waves" online here

 

Watch more footage from Scotland via "David Ainsley shows us the waste impacts of salmon farms"

 

Watch footage from the Green Warriors of Norway exposing the "big pile of shit" under salmon farms in Norway:

 

Watch footage shot under salmon farms in New Zealand where the farms are "suffocating the sounds":

 

Here's a dirty video from Eastern Canada showing the "mounds of fish manure" under a salmon farm:

 

Watch more X-rated dirty videos shot under salmon farms in British Columbia online here!

Read more on the toxic chemicals creating a "Silent Spring of the Sea" - online here 

 

 

Read about chemical data:

Wellboat chemical discharges 2013 - online here

Wellboat chemical discharges 2010 - online here

 SEPA chemical use data (2010-2013) - online here

 

[Read about Scottish Salmon's Great Escape online here]

[Read about 'Environmental Events' reported by SEPA online here]

 

 

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